That would be in your scanner setup (I looked in Adobe and confirmed it doesn't have a darkness setting). For example, I have a Cannon scanner and it's software has separate settings for photos (jpg) and documents (pdf). Which makes sense, what's good for one, isn't necessarily good for the other.
So best I can do is direct you to your scanner software. I'm not sure what the setting will look like in your software. It may be a lighter/darker adjustment or it may be choices between "black and white"/"gray scale"/"color" ("black and white" will have highest contrast and likely print the darkest). You might also try a higher level of dpi; this will make the file size bigger but will give better detail and might print better.
Also, my scanner came w/ more than one software utility. I've noticed that one offers different scanner setting options than another does. So if I needed more control on how the scan came out, I could open the one software and let it control the scanner (but I'm usually lazy and just push the button on the scanner and go w/ what comes out).
Hope that puts you on the right path to figuring it out.